The amendment, by ballot initiative, of Penal Code section 190.2, subdivision (a)(15) which changed the wording of the special circumstance from murder committed “while lying in wait” to murder committed “by means of lying in wait” did not render the statute unconstitutionally vague. Any reasonable person considering Bradways conduct (going to the victims house and waiting until she had her back turned before he hit her on the head with a hammer) would know that those acts constituted murder by means of lying in wait. Therefore, the order dismissing the special circumstance was reversed, and the case was remanded for trial.
Case Summaries