Sandoval’s arrest was the culmination of the efforts of two detectives who were working together and were both present at the (warrantless) arrest for bank robbery. The detectives were in continuous contact and the probable cause for arrest was a result of “pooled knowledge.” On appeal, Sandoval challenged the probable cause for arrest. Here, the Ninth Circuit held that whether one detective alone had probable cause was immaterial because of the collective knowledge of the officers at the time of the arrest.